Infrastructure wise Samastipur is very strong. It is the Divisional Headquarters of the North Eastern railway. The district has direct train links with Patna, Kolkata, Delhi, Dhanbad, Jamshedpur and other places of importance. National Highway No. 28 passes through the district.
As per district Gazetteers, Darbhanga, pages 33 to 34 Darbhanga under the Oinwaras (1325-1525 AD), After a temporary period of instability, Darbhanga came under the control of the Oinwaras, also known as the Kameshwara Thakur or Sugauna Dynasty. These Hindu Chiefs were left undisturbed by the Muslim conquerors, who has by now conquered the whole of Mithila and whose exploits are indicated. The Oinwara Dynasty is noted for their encouragement of leaning and fine arts and their court served as the centre of Sanskrit belle's letters and philosophy. Among the prominent scholars of age were Gadadhara, Sankara, Vachaspati Mishra, Vidyapati, Amartakara and Amiykara. Kameshwara, the founder of dynasty, was resident of village Oini, near Pusa Road, in the District of Darbhanga. When Hazi Ilyas of Bengal divided Torhut into two parts, the Oinwara Raja shifted his Capital to Sugauna near Madhubani. The southern part of the district was under Hazi Ilyas and the northern part under the Oinwaras. The modern subdivision of Samastipur (originally Shamsuddinpur) was founded by Hazi Shamsuddin Ilyas of West Bengal.
Samastipur became a district in 1972 when it was split from Darbhanga district.
Geography of Samastipur
Samastipur district occupies an area of 2,904 square kilometres (1,121 sq mi), [2] comparatively equivalent to Indonesia's Muna Island.[3] Samastipur is bounded on the north by the Bagmati River which separates it from Darbhanga district. On the west it is bordered by Vaishali and some part of Muzaffarpur district, on the south by the Ganges, while on its east it has Begusarai and some part of Khagaria district. The district headquarters is located at Samastipur.
Rivers
Samastipur is traversed by a number of rivers including Budhi Gandak, Baya, Kosi, Kamla, Kareh and Jhamwari and Balan, which are both the offshoots of Burhi Gandak. The Ganges also skirts the district on the south.
Agriculture of Samastipur
Samastipur is rich in agriculture, because of its fertile plain. Tobacco, maize, rice and wheat are the main crops. Leechi and mango fruits are grown in abundance. There is a jute mill in Samsastipur at Muktapur Village. This is very famous jute mill (Rameshwar Jute Mill), employing around 5000 people. Shekhopur is one of the best agricultural villages and it also has famous temple, Bhagwatisthan at Manipur. Samastipur has many a sugar mills which make it a prominent player in state's sugar production.
Samastipur is major producer of potatoes. There are more than 20 cold storages in the district, all storing potatoes and total capacity is 650000 quintles.
Samastipur has also in race of consuming fertilizers.
Language & Culture of Samastipur
Culture of Samastipur is simple, beautiful & secular . It has an old tradition of folk songs & folk Famous Mithila paintings, sung and done during festival and important social occasions like marrige &birth ceremonies . Several folk dance form also practised as Kathghorwa nach , natua nach dom domin and jhijhia . Famous Sama chakeva and Dom kach is also practised as a culture in this area, Bhat dal & aaloo chokha is the happiest meal for every being & dhoti kurta for man & sari and salwar kurti for women is regular dress to wear!
People of Samastipur mainly speak Hindi, Maithili & Angika languages.
Famous Temples
Thaneshwar Temple is a very famous tample of Lord Shiva, and is situated at the heart of the city. Other new temples are also popping up. There are numerous other temples as well. A very famous temple 'KHUDNESHWAR STHAN' is also there situated in the village MORWA (RAYTOL).
Durga temple in Kessopatti is one of the oldest temple. Every year on the eve of Durga Puja pilgrims come for worship. VIDYAPATI BALESHWAR Sthan (Shiva Temple) is one of the famous temple at Vidyapatinagar. Vidyapatinagar is known as the Nirvana sthali of the great Saint & Poet Vidyapati. Dekari, in Dalsinghsarai subdivision, is the place where vidypathi took his last breath.
Manipur bhagwatisthan is one of the oldest and lively durga temple in Shekhopur, Samastipur. People come in numbers to pray lordess durga everyday from far off places. This place makes realise your dream, takes away your sin. It is said that it is more than 200 years old temple and Panditji is a very learned Brahmin in samastipur.
KHUDNESWAR SIVA Temple located 17 km form Samastipur near Morwa block is unique example of Hindu-Muslim unity. In side the temple within a distance of few meters there is majar of Khudno Bibi along with Sivling. Temple is presently under renovation by local society members. During Mahasivratri festival religious crowd from all corners of district are visiting this place for the prayer. Famous kali temple in samastipur district situated in hrail village in mohiuddinnagar block just beside of babu nathuni singh house.
| Description | 2011 | 2001 |
| Actual Population | 4,254,782 | 3,394,793 |
| Male | 2,228,432 | 1,760,692 |
| Female | 2,026,350 | 1,634,101 |
| Population Growth | 25.33% | 25.63% |
| Area Sq. Km | 2904 | 2904 |
| Density/Sq.2 | 1465 | 1169 |
| Proportion to Bihar Population | 4.10% | 4.09% |
| Sex Ratio (Per 1000) | 909 | 928 |
| Child Sex Ratio (0-6 Age) | 941 | 938 |
| Average Literacy | 63.81 | 45.13 |
| Male Literacy | 73.09 | 57.59 |
| Female Literacy | 53.52 | 31.67 |
| Total Child Population (0-6 Age) | 784,203 | 711,168 |
| Male Population (0-6 Age) | 404,068 | 366,978 |
| Female Population (0-6 Age) | 380,135 | 344,190 |
| Literates | 2,214,498 | 1,211,152 |
| Male Literates | 1,333,406 | 802,593 |
| Female Literates | 881,092 | 408,559 |
| Child Proportion (0-6 Age) | 18.43% | 20.95% |
| Boys Proportion (0-6 Age) | 18.13% | 20.84% |
| Girls Proportion (0-6 Age) | 18.76% | 21.06% |
| Description | Rural | Urban |
| Population (%) | 96.54% | 3.46 |
| Total Population | 4,107,725 | 147,057 |
| Male Population | 2,150,966 | 77,466 |
| Female Population | 1,956,759 | 69,591 |
| Sex Ratio | 910 | 898 |
| Child Sex Ratio (0-6) | 942 | 897 |
| Child Population (0-6) | 764,004 | 20,199 |
| Male Child (0-6) | 393,421 | 10,647 |
| Female Child (0-6) | 370,583 | 9,552 |
| Literates | 2,110,007 | 104,491 |
| Male Literates | 1,274,768 | 58,638 |
| Female Literates | 835,239 | 45,853 |
| Average Literacy | 63.10 % | 82.37 % |
| Male Literacy | 72.53 % | 87.76 % |
| Female Literacy |
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